Diagnoses Lexicon

Adrenal insufficiency happens when the adrenal glands don’t produce enough steroid hormones.

Not getting your period is a condition called amenorrhea. It’s important for fertility because not having a menstrual cycle with monthly ovulation...

Anorexia is a type of eating disorder where you severely limit what you eat due to an intense fear of gaining weight...

Bulimia (or bulimia nervosa) is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and purging the excess food by vomiting to try to...

A typical menstrual cycle lasts between 21 and 35 days, with bleeding for around 4 to 7 days. An abnormal cycle means...

Cytomegalovirus (or CMV for short) is a common virus that affects people of all ages around the globe. It usually isn’t harmful...

Diabetes mellitus, later just referred to as “diabetes”, is a condition where the body can’t convert sugars and carbohydrates from food into...

Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) means that the majority of the eggs in your ovaries have been used up. Unlike men who continuously...

Dysmenorrhea is the medical term for period pain. You may get cramps or other discomfort before or during your period.

Dyspareunia means persistent or recurrent pain that happens right before, during, or after sex. According to the American College of Obstetricians and...

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue like your uterine lining grows outside the womb: on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic tissues, or...

Folic acid is the synthetic form of folate (vitamin B9). Folate is an essential vitamin that your body needs for cell and...

Excess vitamin B12 during pregnancy can increase the risk of health complications for the baby. Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin that...

Folate deficiency means that your body doesn’t have enough folic acid to function as it should. Folic acid is the synthetic form...

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in the thyroid gland.

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the thyroid gland. Other names...

Hyperandrogenemia is a health condition that means that the body (ovaries or adrenal glands) is producing too many androgen hormones.

Hyperglycemia means that your blood sugar (glucose) level is very high. Your body needs glucose to work correctly, but abnormally high levels...

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (suspected POI) means that the ovaries produce too few reproductive hormones.

Hyperprolactinemia means that you have high levels of the hormone prolactin. Prolactin is a reproductive hormone produced by the pituitary gland which...

Hyperprolactinemia means that you have high levels of the hormone prolactin. Prolactin is a reproductive hormone produced by the pituitary gland which...

Hyperprolactinemia means that you have elevated prolactin levels, and it’s a relatively common condition in women. A prolactinoma is a noncancerous tumor...

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) means that the thyroid gland produces and releases more thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) than your body needs. Your...

Hypervitaminosis D, also known as vitamin D toxicity or vitamin d overdose, is what happens when you have too much vitamin D...

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism means that the ovaries don’t produce enough reproductive hormones due to a problem with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus.

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) means that the thyroid gland doesn’t create and release the amount of thyroid hormones that your body needs. Your...

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) means that the ovaries stop working normally before the average age of 40 because the egg reserve is...

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates your body’s blood sugar levels. If you have resistance to insulin, this...

Iron deficiency means that you don’t have enough iron in your body. Iron is a mineral present in food that is essential...

Iron deficiency anemia is a health condition where the body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells due to a lack of...

Leukocytosis means your white blood cell (or leukocyte) count is above the normal range. These cells are the fighters in your immune...

Leukopenia means that you have a low white blood cell count. White blood cells, or leukocytes, are vital to your immune system....

Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia means that your bone marrow produces unusually large and dark red blood cells. These cells don’t have the nutrients...

Microcytic hypochromic anemia means that your body has too few red blood cells and these cells are smaller and paler than usual....

Normocytic normochromic anemia means that you have a low red blood cell count, but your red blood cells have a normal shape,...

Ovarian insufficiency means that the ovaries aren’t working as they should, leading to problems with egg maturation. With normogonadotropic hyperprolactinemic ovarian insufficiency,...

Being overweight means that you have a Body Mass Index (BMI) over 25. To calculate your BMI, you divide your weight in...

Parvovirus B19 is a widespread infection that leads to fifth disease, a mild rash illness. It’s also known as “slapped-cheek disease” because...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder affecting women, and it’s one of the main causes of female infertility....

If you’ve had 3 or more miscarriages in a row (pregnancy loss before the 20th week), it’s called recurrent miscarriage or repeated...

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a preventable illness caused by a viral infection. It’s usually a mild disease that may...

Hyperandrogenemia is a common hormonal disorder where the body has an excess of androgen hormones. These are a group of sex hormones...

Subclinical hyperthyroidism is a form of thyroid dysfunction characterized by low or undetectable levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal levels of...

Subclinical hypothyroidism means that you have higher-than-normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal levels of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). The thyroid...

Thrombocytopenia means that you have a low platelet count. Platelets, or thrombocytes, are blood cells produced by the bone marrow that help...

Thrombocytosis means that you have too many platelets in your blood. Platelets are a type of blood cell that aid in the...

Toxoplasmosis is a common infection that usually doesn’t cause any problems, but it can lead to complications during pregnancy.

Being underweight means that you have a Body Mass Index (BMI) under 18.5. BMI is your weight in kilograms divided by your...

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that our bodies need to work properly. It helps with nerve function, cell metabolism, and the...

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a condition where your body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells. It happens when you consume...

Vitamin D deficiency means that you’re not getting enough of this essential vitamin to stay healthy. Vitamin D supports the health of...